PAIS International, produced by the Public Affairs Information Services, Inc., is a bibliographic index with abstracts covering the full range of political, social, and public policy issues. Topics covered include economic, political, and social issues, business, finance, law, international trade and relations, public administration, government, political science, and any topics that are or might become the subject of legislation. The database covers selected journal articles, books, statistics, yearbooks, directories, conference proceedings, pamphlets, reports, government documents, and microfiche. More than 1,600 journals and over 8,000 monographs are indexed each year. Coverage includes documents published worldwide in any of six languages: English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish. The subject headings and abstracts are in English.
The following list provides the two-letter label and search and limit examples for each PAIS field:
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LABEL NAME/EXAMPLE
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AB Abstract [Word Indexed]
example: livestock prices.ab.
cooperatives.ab.
The Abstract (AB) field summarizes the content of the document and may
also provide a description of the background, methods, results, and/or
conclusions. For some documents, publication notes are also included.
Stopwords such as "of" or "the" will display in the Abstract field, but
are not searchable and will not appear in the Abstract index.
AN Accession Number [Phrase Indexed]
example: 96-0100020.an.
The Accession Number (AN) field contains a numeric code which uniquely
identifies each record. The first two digits of the accession number
represent the year of publication in the database.
AU Authors [Word and Phrase Indexed]
example: montgomery alan l.au.
The Author (AU) field contains all of the authors of an article or
publication. The author names are indexed in the format of last name
followed by first and middle names or up to two initials, as they
appeared in the original article. Thus, a person named James Charles
Smith may appear as Smith James C, Smith J. Charles, Smith JC, or Smith
J. Enter the last name, or if it is a common name, enter the last
name, a space, and the first initial.
DN Superintendent of Docs Number [Phrase Indexed]
example: sd cat no a 9345.dn.
The Superintendent of Documents Number (DN) field contains the complete
U.S. Superintendent of Documents Number for the government publication.
This number can be used to order or locate government publications in
U.S. Government Document Depository Libraries.
GN Government Pinting Office Stock Numbers [Phrase Indexed]
example: stock no 003 024 0315 6.gn.
The U.S. Government Printing Office Stock Number (GN) field contains the
Government Printing Office Stock Number for the document. This number
can be used to order documents from the U.S. Government Printing Office
or from U.S. Government Document Depository Libraries.
IB ISBN [Phrase Indexed]
example: 88-85246-17-6.ib.
The ISBN (IB) field contains the International Standard Book Number
(ISBN) for monographs.
IN Institution [Word Indexed]
example: hawaii employers council.in.
The Institution (IN) field contains the name of the supporting
institution and, when provided in the source journal, the complete
address of the senior author.
IS ISSN [Phrase Indexed]
example: 9052-5416.is.
The ISSN (IS) field contains the International Standard Serials Number
(ISSN) for journals and series.
JN Journal Name [Phrase Indexed]
example: journal of advertising.jn.
The Journal Name (JN) field contains the full name of the journal in
which an article was published. This field usually displays as part of
the Source (SO) field.
JW Journal Words [Word Indexed]
example: africa.jw.
The Journal Word (JW) field contains individual words from every journal
name in this database.
Stopwords such as "the" or "of" are not included. This field is used to
retrieve every occurance of a journal which includes a particular word,
such as "society".
LC LC Control Number [Phrase Indexed]
example: 90-055357.lc.
The Library of Congress Control Number (LC) field contains the Library of
Congress Control number for the monograph or series that is cited.
LG Language [Word Indexed]
example: eng.lg.
french.lg.
The Language (LG) field contains the language(s) of publication of an
article or monograph. The language name will appear in the index in both
the full form and also a 3-letter code (such as fre for French).
PB Book Publisher [Word Indexed]
example: libreville gabon.pb.
macmillan.pb.
The Book Publisher (PB) field contains the publisher of the source
document for monographs as well as bibliographic information, including
page numbers when a record refers to a specific article or chapter.
PT Publication Type [Phrase Indexed]
example: "book or monograph".pt.
journal article.pt.
The Publication Type (PT) field contains the type of article or
monograph that the record describes.
All records in the database are assigned one of the following
publication type designations: Analytic, Monograph, Periodical, or Main
Entry of Publication Analyzed.
SD Source Description [Word Indexed]
example: 1996.sd.
apr.sd.
The Source Description (SD) field contains the bibliographic information
needed to find an article within the source publication. It includes
the year [YR], month [MO], volume [VO], issue/part [IP], and pagination
[PG] fields.
SE Series Statement [Word Indexed]
example: louisiana state.se.
If the article or document is part of a series, the Series Statement
(SE) field contains further information about the series. In some cases
it will include only the volume number or ISSN, in others the name and
publisher of the series are available. This information can be used to
locate other publications related by subject or structure.
SF Special Features [Word Indexed]
example: table.sf.
The Special Features (SF) field contains notations about additional
content available in the source publication. Notations indicate the
availability of features such as maps, charts, and illustrations.
SH Subject Headings [Phrase Indexed]
example: community development.sh.
north american free trade agreement.sh.
The Subject Headings (SH) field contains the Subject Headings (also
known as "descriptors" or "index terms") used by indexers at PAIS to
describe the content of a document.
SO Source Fields [JN, PB, SD Fields]
example: criminal justice quarterly.so.
The Source (SO) field includes a display of all of the basic information
needed to locate a citation, including the Journal Name or Monograph
Publisher, the volume/issue, pagination, and year of publication.
TI Title [Word Indexed]
example: health care.ti.
inner city schools.ti.
The Title (TI) field contains the title of an article as it appeared in
the print publication.
Stopwords such as "of" or "the" will display in the document title, but
do not appear in the Title index. However, the word "a", which is a
stopword in other fields, can be searched in the title.
UP Update Code [Word Indexed]
example: 9605.up.
The Update Code (UP) field contains a four-digit number in the format
YYMM, representing the year and month in which an item was entered into
the database.
YR Publication Year [Word Indexed]
example: 1996.yr.
96.yr.
The Year of Publication (YR) field contains the year in which an article
or monograph was published.
The following limits are available from the Limit menu on the Main Search Screen
Popular Command and Sentence Syntax Limits
English Language Command Syntax: ..l/1 lg=eng Setence Syntax: limit 1 to english Publication Type Command Syntax: ..l/1 pt=journal article Sentence Syntax: limit to journal article Update Code Command Syntax: ..l/1 up=9605 Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to up=9605 Publication Year Command Syntax: ..l/1 yr=1995 Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to yr=1995
Command Syntax: ..c/pais Sentence Syntax: use pais
<1> Database Copyright (c) 1996 by Public Affairs Information Service, Inc. Accession Number 96-1208530 Author Goldstein, Judith. Title International law and domestic institutions: reconciling North American "unfair" trade laws. Source International Organization, 50:541-64 Autumn 1996. Abstract Analyses US domestic political reasons for entering into apparently unfavorable dispute settlement procedures with Canada under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the earlier Canada-US Free Trade Agreement (CUSTA). Subject Headings United States -- Economic relations -- Canada Canada -- Economic relations -- United States International law Free trade and protection North American free trade agreement Canada -- Treaties -- United States United States -- Treaties -- Canada Language English (eng). Publication Type Journal Article. Special Features bibl(s). table(s). chart(s). ISSN 0020-8183 Year of Publication 1996 Update Code 9612 <2> Database Copyright (c) 1996 by Public Affairs Information Service, Inc. Accession Number 96-1104450 Author Guia, Elizabeth; Padilla, Oscar. Title Fighting drugs at the source. Source World & I, 11:62-7 N 1996. Abstract Examines the social costs of coca production and a UN development strategy for training farmers in growing, transporting, and marketing alternative crops through cooperatives; Peru and Colombia. Sponsored by the UN International Drug Control Program (UNDCP). Subject Headings Peru -- Agricultural sector Colombia -- Agricultural sector Cocaine -- Andes region United Nations -- Drug control program Narcotics and crime -- Andes region Agriculture, Cooperative -- Andes region Language English (eng). Publication Type Journal Article. Special Features il(s). ISSN 0887-9346 Year of Publication 1996 Update Code 9611
The PAIS International Database is copyrighted and is the property of Public Affairs Information Service, Inc. Users of the database may view screen displays of the data and may make up to five (5) copies per screen display of any portions of such data for internal or personal noncommercial purposes. Such copies of limited portions of such data may be transferred or sold as an incidental part of the attorney-client, consultant-client, or other similar relationship where the principal purpose of the relationship is not the distribution of data. Screen displays of such data may be electronically downloaded in machine-readable form solely for temporary storage as required for permitted use provided that such machine-readable copies of data shall be erased after such temporary use. Users do not acquire ownership rights to any data or portions thereof when they print out or download the data and the data may not be duplicated or distributd for commercial purposes without written permission from the producer except as indicated above.
Last revised 2 April 1997